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| 基于DRASTIC模型的地下水污染风险评价研究——以河南省为例 |
| Risk Assessment of Groundwater Pollution Based on DRASTIC Model: A Case Study of Henan Province |
| 投稿时间：2025-04-25 修订日期：2025-08-19 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 地下水污染与防治 DRASTIC模型 污染源荷载 地下水脆弱性 风险评价 河南省 |
| 英文关键词:groundwater pollution and prevention DRASTIC model pollution source load groundwater vulnerability risk assessment Henan Province |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 12 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 地下水资源为河南省经济发展和城镇化推进提供了重要支撑，然而地下水污染问题也变得严重。开展地下水污染风险评价对于预防和治理地下水污染有重大意义。此前的地下水污染风险评价多数只考虑了地下水环境的自然条件，对于人类生存环境的影响重视不足。河南省此前未开展过全省范围的地下水污染风险评价。本次研究将地下水污染源荷载评估和脆弱性评价相结合，通过对不同类型污染源荷载进行评分量化，利用DRASTIC模型进行地下水脆弱性评价，其中还使用层次分析法改进了各模型参数权重，最后通过ArcGIS软件将污染源荷载和脆弱性指标分级叠加生成地下水污染风险图，更加直观地评价了河南省全省范围内的地下水污染风险。研究结果表明：河南省地下水污染源荷载较高和高的区域面积约占研究区总面积的4.59 %；全省地下水脆弱性整体偏低，较高和高脆弱区面积占比约7.21 %；地下水污染风险整体处于较低水平，高风险区面积占比约为0.49 %。本次研究能为河南省地区地下水污染的预防与治理提供理论依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Groundwater resources have provided important support for the economic development and urbanization advancement of Henan Province. However, the problem of groundwater pollution is more and more serious. It is very important to carry out groundwater pollution risk assessment for groundwater pollution prevention and treatment. Most traditional groundwater pollution risk assessments only consider the natural conditions of the groundwater environment and pay insufficient attention to the impact on the human living environment. Henan Province has never carried out the risk assessment of groundwater pollution throughout the province before. This study adopts the method combining the load of groundwater pollution sources and the assessment of groundwater vulnerability to score and quantify the loads of different pollution sources. The DRASTIC model is used for the assessment of groundwater vulnerability, and the weights of each parameter are improved through the Analytic Hierarchy Process. The ArcGIS software is then utilized to hierarchically superimpose the load and vulnerability indicators of pollution sources to generate the groundwater pollution risk map, quantifying the groundwater pollution risk situation in Henan Province more intuitively. The research results show that the area with a relatively high load of groundwater pollution sources in Henan Province accounts for approximately 4.59 % of the total area of the study area. The groundwater vulnerability of the whole province is generally low, with areas of relatively high and high vulnerability accounting for approximately 7.21 %. The overall risk of groundwater pollution within the province is relatively low, with the proportion of high-risk areas being only 0.49 %. This research work can provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and management of groundwater in Henan Province. |
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