| 李学彪.分散元素地球化学特征及在西昆仑成矿带研究中的启示[J].地质找矿论丛,2016,31(4):467-480 |
| 分散元素地球化学特征及在西昆仑成矿带研究中的启示 |
| Geochemical characteristics of dispersed elements and its implication on study of the west Kunlun ore belt |
| 投稿时间：2015-09-23 |
| DOI：10.6053/j.issn.1001-1412.2016.04.001 |
| 中文关键词: 分散元素 超常富集 地球化学省 热水沉积 塔里木西南缘 |
| 英文关键词:the disperse element extraordinary enrichment geochemical province the southwest margin of Tarim basin hot water sedimentation |
| 基金项目:“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目“高寒深切割山区大型矿床找矿靶区圈定与评价技术研究”（编号：2015BAB05B05）资助。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 分散元素在地壳中常以分散和稀痕状态存在，对轻微地质作用并不敏感；一旦出现分散元素异常时则多具超常富集，其异常衬度均可达到几个数量级。然而分散元素超常富集背后常常蕴含着重大和复杂的大陆动力学作用过程。分析表明：①伴生元素富集区往往是造山带、板块缝合带、地壳重熔及地幔柱活动区；②不同时代和构造环境下形成的热水-沉积改造型铅锌矿具有相似分散元素组合（Pb-Zn-Tl-Cd-Ag-Sr-Ba）；③分散元素以亲硫性为主，伴与卤化而具长距离迁移，且Te是硫化矿床的矿头晕标志，Re是高温热液钨钼矿、斑岩型铜钼矿的远程晕指示元素；④Se与火山岩关系密切，In与Sn形影不离，Cd重复着Zn的地球化学历史，Se、Te伴随S而活动，Ge的富集与有机质关系密切；⑤分散元素组合、w（Ba）/w（Tl）、w（Ga）/w（Al）、w（Zn）/w（Cd）、w（Ge）/w（Si）值和同位素体系等，可进行岩浆演化阶段识别、成矿物质来源和核幔互相作用过程示踪；⑥分散元素的富集程度与矿床吨位、品位间可能存在正相关。在地处塔里木地块西南缘的西昆仑成矿带，具有大陆裂解-增生-碰撞的完整演化历史、不同构造-成矿域汇聚过程的大陆动力学过程，分散元素以伴生或独立矿床类型产出；通过引入分散元素研究，有望揭示西昆仑地区分散元素大规模和超常富集背后蕴含的复杂地质作用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The disperse elements are often dispersed and diluted in the earth's crust and the minor not sensitive to minor geological events. Once a disperse element anomly occurs its contrast will be several magnitudes of the background value and implies a significant and complex continental dynamics. Analysis shows:①enrichment of the disperse element occurs often in the orogenic belt, the plate suture zone, the crustal remelting and the mantle plume-active area; ②the reworked hot water sedimentary Pb-Zn deposits formed under different age and tectonic setting have similar disperse element combination(Pb-Zn-Tl-Cd-Ag-Sr-Ba); ③enrichment of the disperse elements are dominated by sulfophillic elements and accompanied by halogenation and long distance migration; Te is the head halo indicator of sulfide deposit; Re the remote halo indicator of the high temperature hydrothermal W-Mo and porphyric Cu deposits; ④Se is closely related to volcanism; indium and tin are closely accompanied. Cd experiences the same history of Zn. Activity of S is followed by those Se、Te. Ge enrichment is closely related to organic matter; ⑤combinations of the dispersed elements, the w(Ba)/w(Tl), w(Ga)/w(Al), w(Zn)/w(Cd), w(Ge)/w(Si) ratios and isotopic compositions of the disperse elements can be used to identify magmatic evolution stages and the source of ore-forming materials and trace the core-mantle interaction process; ⑥The degree of enrichment of disperse elements may correlated positively to tonnage and grade of ore deposits. At the west Kunlun ore belt occur the complete evolution history of continent break, accretion and collision and continent dynamic process of convergence of different tectonic-metallogenic realms and independent disperse element deposits and deposits accompanied by the disperse elements. Introduction of the results of the disperse element studies will imply the complex geological processes leading to the extraordinary enrichment of the disperse elements. |
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