| Stephen G. Peters.构造地质在沉积岩金矿勘探及采矿中的应用[J].地质找矿论丛,2002,(1):1-18 |
| 构造地质在沉积岩金矿勘探及采矿中的应用 |
| USE OF STRUCTURL GEOLOGY IN EXPLORATION ORE AND MINING OF SEDIMENTARY ROCK-HOSTED AU DEPOSITS |
| 投稿时间：2001-08-22 修订日期：2001-12-13 |
| DOI：10.6053/j.issn.1001-1412.2002.1. 001 |
| 中文关键词: 沉积岩金矿 构造地质学 勘探 采矿 美国内华达 中国 |
| 英文关键词:sedimentary rock-hosted Au deposits structural geology exploration mining Nevada, U. S. A China |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1046 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 构造地质是进行区域、矿区及矿体勘探和开发的重要方法,确定矿区主要构造事件的时限可以建立流体通道及矿床成因模式的推论。构造地质最实际的用途是测定矿体构成的各种要素,可直接用于矿石储量估算、地面控制、品位控制、安全问题和矿山设计;矿区和区域尺度的构造地质研究可直接用于长远战略规划、经济分析及矿权等问题。沉积岩金矿床的矿体是一些不连续的内生或后生地质体,通常赋存于断裂带、角砾岩体或岩层(岩性单位)中。矿体的这些标志使构造地质可以直接用于矿山和沉积岩金矿床的勘探。矿体的内部成分通常反映了不同的含矿建造,矿体的主要成分是矿石矿物、脉石和蚀变,它们通常以互相混杂的结构产出,它们之间的关系可用于解释矿体的形成过程及矿体的控制因素。矿体的位置与形状一般受扩容带的方位、产状、倾斜、岩性接触带及相互交切的变化所控制。此外,一些概念参数(如矿区组构、可预测的距离和排列)也都可用于了解矿体的几何形态,用一些定性的概念,如矿体的内外倾伏、矿区的倾伏及排列、流体通道的类型、地球化学、地质压力、地温梯度及翘曲可对矿区内矿体的位置及几何形态的控制进行不同程度的预测。这些概念在大部分矿区的矿产勘查中已有实际的和经验上的应用,但这是很宽泛的和通常所知的应用,不能表达已知的或推断的成矿作用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Structural geology is an important tool in regional, district and orebody-scale exploration and development of sedimentary rock-hosted Au deposits. Identification of the timing of important structural events in an ore district allows modeling of genetic models of ore formation. The most practical uses of structural geology deal with measurement and definition of the various elements that comprise orebodies, which can then be directly applied to ore reserve estimation, ground control, grade control, safety, and mine planing. District and regional-scale structural studies are directly applicable to long term strategic planing, economic analyses and land-ownership issues. Orebodies in sedirmentary rock-hosted Au deposits are discrete hypogene and epigenetic masses usually hosted in a fault zone, breccia mass, or lithologic bed or unit. These attributes allow structural geology to be directly applied to the mining and exploration of sedimentary rock-hosted Au deposits. Internal constituents of the ore bodies usually reflect unique episodes relating to ore formation.The main internal constituents in orebodies are ore minerals, gangue, and alteration that usually are mixed with one another in complex patterns, the relations among which may be used to interpret the processes of orebody formation and control. Controls of orebody location and shape are usually due to dilatant zones caused by changes in orientation attitude, splays, lithologic contacts, and intersection. In addition, conceptual parameters such as district fabric, predictable distances and stacking also are used to understand the geometry of orebodies. Control in ore districts and the location and geometry of ordbodies within ore districts can be predicted to various degrees by using a number of qualitative concepts such as internal and external orebody plunges, district plunge, district stacking, conduit classification, geochemical geobarametric, and geothermal gradients and warps. These concepts have practical and empirical application in most mining districts where they are of use in the exploration for ore, but are of such broad and general application that they may not represent known or inferred ore formation processes. |
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